See more at PRISMA: prisma-statement.org
The PICOT Framework is most commonly used and dependent on your discipline and type of review you are undertaking, you may use only the PICO part or even just the PIC:
P |
I |
C |
O |
T |
Patient / Population |
Intervention / Indicator |
Compare / Control |
Outcome |
Time / Type of Study or Question |
Who are the relevant patients? Think about age, sex, geographic location, or specific characteristics that would be important to your question. |
What is the management strategy, diagnostic test, or exposure that you are interested in? |
Is there a control or alternative management strategy you would like to compare to the intervention or indicator? |
What are the patient-relevant consequences of the intervention? |
What time periods should be considered? What study types are most likely to have the information you seek? What clinical domain does your question fall under? |
SPIDER is a framework that is more applicable for qualitative and quantitative studies
S |
PI |
D |
E |
R |
Sample |
Phenomenon of Interest |
Design |
Evaluation |
Research type |
Sample size may vary in quantitative and qualitative studies |
Phenomena of Interest include behaviours, experiences and interventions |
Design influences the strength of the study analysis and findings |
Evaluation outcomes may include more subjective outcomes such as views, attitudes, etc. |
Research types include qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method studies |
SPICE is a framework that can be used for social sciences studies
S |
P |
I |
C |
E |
Setting |
Perspective |
Intervention |
Comparison |
Evaluation |
Setting is the context for the question - where |
Perspective is the users, potential users or stakeholders of the service - for whom |
Intervention is the action taken for the users, potential users or stakeholders - what |
Comparison is the alternative actions or outcomes - what else |
Evaluation is the result or measurement that will determine the success of the intervention - what result or how well |
Why Systematic Reviews Matter - Elsevier
Easy guide to conducting a systematic review - Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
What is a systematic review? - Bandolier
PRISMA - PRISMA is an evidence-based minimum set of items for reporting in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PRISMA focuses on the reporting of reviews evaluating randomized trials, but can also be used as a basis for reporting systematic reviews of other types of research, particularly evaluations of interventions. See the PRISMA protocol for more on constructing a protocol.
Doing a Systematic Review - SAGE
Academic Literature:
Grey Literature:
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"Systematic review describes a specific methodology for conducting reviews of literature. This methodology prescribes explicit, reproducible, and transparent processes for collating the best available evidence in answer to specific questions. In particular, it requires the use of robust techniques for searching for and identifying primary studies, appraising the quality of these studies, selecting the studies to be included in the review, extracting the data from the studies, and synthesizing the findings narratively and/or through pooling suitable quantitative data in META-ANALYSIS" (Lewis-Beck, Bryman & Liao, 2004). READ MORE
From:
The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods
Helping systematic review authors quickly, easily and enjoyably create reviews, collaborate, maintain over time and get suggestions for article inclusion.
Available in a convenient web based application, as well as Desktop version, RevMan has been designed to integrate with other systematic review software, and can be used to manage the various steps in the Systematic Review Process.
R provides a wide variety of statistical (linear and nonlinear modelling, classical statistical tests, time-series analysis, classification, clustering, …) and graphical techniques, and is highly extensible. The S language is often the vehicle of choice for research in statistical methodology, and R provides an Open Source route to participation in that activity.
EndNote is a reference management software application. Other examples include Zotero and Mendeley. You can use EndNote to create your own library of references and manage them, insert citations or footnotes and generate bibliographies and collaborate with others.